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- $Unique_ID{BRK03496}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Asherman's Syndrome}
- $Subject{Asherman's Syndrome Intrauterine Synechiae Uterine Synechiae
- Amenorrhea Primary Endometriosis Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Stein-Leventhal
- Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1991 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 851:
- Asherman's Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Asherman's Syndrome)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate name and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Intrauterine Synechiae
- Uterine Synechiae
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Amenorrhea, Primary
- Endometriosis
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Stein-Leventhal Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Asherman's Syndrome is a gynecological disorder in which adhesions
- develop in the cavity that makes up the inner layer of the uterine wall
- (endometrial cavity). These lesions often cause stoppage of menstrual
- discharge (amenorrhea) and infertility.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The symptoms of Asherman's syndrome are inflammatory bands that connect
- opposing surfaces of a wound (adhesions) in the uterine wall, absence or
- abnormal stoppage of menstrual discharge, and infertility. Inflammation of
- the mucous membrane lining the uterus (endometritis) often precedes this
- syndrome.
-
- Causes
-
- Asherman's Syndrome can be caused by surgical scraping or cleaning of the
- uterine wall (dilation and curettage, also known as D&C), sporadic
- inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the uterus (endometritis), or
- endometritis caused by tuberculosis.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Asherman's Syndrome affects females when there is an absence or abnormal
- stoppage of menstrual discharge (secondary amenorrhea) following surgical
- scraping of the uterine wall or endometritis. This disorder is not rare.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Asherman's
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Primary Amenorrhea is the absence or slowing down of menstruation for at
- least three months. It may be the result of a number of gynecologic
- problems. Most often this disorder is a result of either too much or too
- little hypothalamic gonadotropic-releasing hormone (GnRH, a sex cell growth
- hormone). Symptoms of Primary Amenorrhea may be the absence of secondary sex
- characteristics, incomplete or underdeveloped external genitalia and breasts,
- ovarian deficiency, underactive pituitary and an absence of menstruation by
- age 16. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Primary Amenorrhea"
- as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- In Secondary Amenorrhea, which occurs in Asherman's Syndrome, the absence
- of menstruation occurs in women who have previously menstruated.
- Menstruation ceases following scraping of the uterine wall (D&C) or acute
- endometritis.
-
- Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecological condition that affects women.
- It is caused by an inability to shed the buildup of tissue that normally
- forms in the uterus (endometrium) before menstruation. This build-up of
- excess tissue can spread as far as the lungs, although it usually accumulates
- on the bowels or intestines. Symptoms of this disorder may be lower back
- pain, pain in the thighs or excessive pain during the menstrual cycle. (For
- more information on this disorder choose "Endometriosis" as your search term
- in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is the infection of the fallopian
- tubes, cervix, uterus or ovaries. It occurs most often in young women who
- are sexually active. PID is transmitted by sexual intercourse, childbirth or
- abortion. The organism Neisseria Gonorrhoeae causes this infection in 40-60%
- of the patients.
-
- Stein-Leventhal Syndrome is a rare reproductive disorder affecting young
- women. It is characterized by absent or abnormal menstruation, sterility,
- mild signs of secondary male sex characteristics, and sometimes obesity. The
- causes of the syndrome are not understood, but involve faulty production of
- reproductive hormones. Hormone therapy is often effective, but reccurences
- are common. (For more information on this disorder choose "Stein-Leventhal"
- as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Asherman's Syndrome is diagnosed when a physician observes the uterine cavity
- using a device called a hysteroscope. A D&C is performed to separate the
- adhesions followed by insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device
- (IUD) and antibiotics. Hormonal therapy is also used to encourage
- menstruation.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- The adhesions in Asherman's Syndrome have been vaporized with a Nd-YAG laser.
- This procedure is precise and causes minimal injury to the tissue. Although
- laser surgery is not a new procedure, it's use for removal of tissue in the
- uterus is relatively new. Few gynecologists have been trained in the use of
- laser, so this procedure is not yet common practice.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- June 1991. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Asherman's Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- 203-746-6518
-
- National Women's Health Network
- 1325 G St., NW, Lower Level B
- Washington, DC 20005
- (202) 496-5133
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- 301-496-5133
-
- References
-
- CECIL TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE, 19th Ed.: James B. Wyngaarden, and Lloyd H.
- Smith, Jr., Editors; W.B. Saunders Co., 1990. Pp. 1435-6.
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15TH ED.: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. Pp. 1687-8.
-
- SPONTANEOUS UTERINE RUPTURE DURING PREGNANCY AFTER TREATMENT OF
- ASHERMAN'S SYNDROME. J.L. Deaton, et al.; Am J Obstet Gynecol (May, 1989,
- issue 160 (5 PT 1)). Pp. 1053-4.
-
- TREATMENT OF MINIMAL AND MODERATE INTRAUTERINE ADHESIONS (ASHERMAN'S
- SYNDROME). B. Ismajovich, et al.; J Reprod Med (Oct, 1985, issue 30(10)).
- Pp. 769-72.
-
- ASHERMAN'S SYNDROME. A COMPARISON OF THERAPEUTIC METHODS. J.S.
- Sanfilippo, et al.; J Reprod Med (June, 1982, issue 27(6)). Pp. 328-30.
-
-